Lithium batteries are a type of battery made of lithium metal or lithium alloy as positive/negative electrode materials, using non aqueous electrolyte solutions. Lithium metal batteries were first proposed and studied by Gilbert N. Lewis in 1912. In the 1970s, M S. Whittingham proposed and began researching lithium-ion batteries. Due to the highly reactive chemical properties of lithium metal, the processing, preservation, and use of lithium metal have high environmental requirements. With the development of science and technology, lithium batteries have become the mainstream. Lithium batteries can be roughly divided into two categories: lithium metal batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Lithium ion batteries do not contain metallic lithium and are rechargeable. The fifth generation product of rechargeable batteries, lithium metal batteries, was born in 1996. Their safety, specific capacity, self discharge rate, and cost-effectiveness are all superior to lithium-ion batteries. Due to its own high technological requirements, only a few companies in a few countries are producing this type of lithium metal battery. Lithium metal batteries: Lithium metal batteries generally use manganese dioxide as the positive electrode material, metal lithium or its alloy metal as the negative electrode material, and use non aqueous electrolyte solutions. Discharge reaction: Li+MnO2=LiMnO2 lithium-ion battery: Lithium ion batteries generally use lithium alloy metal oxide as the positive electrode material, graphite as the negative electrode material, and non aqueous electrolytes. The reaction that occurs on the charging positive electrode is LiCoO2=Li (1-x) CoO2+xLi++xe - (electron) The reaction that occurs on the charging negative electrode is 6C+xLi++xe -=LixC6 The total reaction of the charging battery is LiCoO2+6C=Li (1-x) CoO2+LixC6