Railway refers to a transportation route for trains to travel. It is composed of roadbed, track bed, sleepers, and steel rails, including bridges, tunnels, and various auxiliary facilities along the line. Railways are also known as railways. The earliest railway in the world was built in Britain in 1825. The first standard gauge railway in China was the Tang Xu Railway (from Tangshan to Xugezhuang, a section of the present-day Beijing Shenyang Railway) built in 1881. Railway transportation is a land transportation method that uses locomotives to pull train vehicles on two parallel tracks. The traditional method is steel wheel transportation, but the broad definition of railway transportation still includes non steel wheel transportation methods such as maglev trains, cable cars, and cableways, also known as rail transportation. The railway track can provide an extremely smooth and hard medium for the train wheels to roll with minimal friction, making the people on top feel more comfortable, and it can also save energy. If properly configured, railway transportation can save 50% to 70% of energy compared to road transportation when transporting the same weight. Moreover, railway tracks can evenly distribute the weight of trains, greatly improving their load-bearing capacity. Railway sometimes refers to a certain railway "line", such as the Beijing Guangzhou Railway, and sometimes refers to a collection of railway lines, including old lines, new lines, or first and second lines. For example, whether a new railway is built under the name of a certain railway expansion or belongs to a certain railway system. The railway grades in the high-speed rail era are very complex, with different perspectives such as network grade, speed grade, passenger and freight grade, etc. The high-speed railway level is higher than the national railway level I. Some of the national railway level I are high-speed railways, while others are ordinary railways. Standard track is relative to meter gauge and wide gauge. In the trichotomy of speed levels, ordinary railways are compared to fast railways and high-speed railways, while in the dichotomy, ordinary railways are compared to MRT railways
Function of testing report:
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