Steel wire rope is a spiral steel wire bundle that twists steel wires with mechanical properties and geometric dimensions that meet the requirements according to certain rules. The steel wire rope is composed of steel wire, rope core, and lubricating grease. A steel wire rope is a rope that is first twisted from multiple layers of steel wire into strands, and then twisted into a spiral shape by a certain number of strands centered around the rope core. In material handling machinery, it is used for lifting, pulling, tensioning, and carrying. The steel wire rope has high strength, light weight, stable operation, and is not easy to suddenly break the entire piece, making it reliable in operation. In 1834, European Orubt invented the world's first steel wire rope (smooth steel wire rope), and the Tianjin First Steel Wire Rope Factory established in 1939 was China's first metal product enterprise. During the use of steel wire ropes, they need to withstand alternating loads, and their performance is mainly determined by the mechanical properties of the steel wire, the surface state of the steel wire, and the structure of the steel wire rope. Steel wire materials include carbon steel or alloy steel, which are formed by cold drawing or cold rolling. The cross-section of the steel wire can be circular or irregular (T-shaped, S-shaped, Z-shaped). The irregular cross-section steel wire is mainly used for the production of sealed steel wire ropes, with high tensile strength and toughness, and suitable surface treatment is applied to the steel wire to meet the needs of different environmental conditions. The main function of the rope core is to support the steel wire rope and achieve a stable cross-sectional structure. The rope core includes steel core and fiber core, the fiber core includes natural fiber core and synthetic fiber core, natural fiber core such as sisal, jute, cotton thread, etc., and synthetic fiber core includes polyethylene and polypropylene filament. Natural fiber cores can store a large amount of lubricating grease, providing lubrication for steel wire ropes and extending their service life
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