A DC motor is a motor that converts DC electrical energy into mechanical energy. Due to its excellent speed regulation performance, it has been widely used in electric traction. DC motors are divided into three types based on excitation methods: permanent magnet, separate excitation, and self excitation, among which self excitation is further divided into three types: parallel excitation, series excitation, and compound excitation. When the DC power supply is supplied to the armature winding through the brush, the N-pole conductor on the surface of the armature can flow current in the same direction. According to the left-hand rule, the conductor will be subjected to a counterclockwise torque action; The conductor below the S pole on the surface of the armature also flows current in the same direction, and according to the left-hand rule, the conductor will also be subjected to a counterclockwise torque. In this way, the entire armature winding or rotor will rotate counterclockwise, and the input DC electrical energy will be converted into the output mechanical energy on the rotor shaft. Composed of stator and rotor, stator: base, main magnetic pole, commutation pole, brush device, etc; Rotor (Armature): Armature core, armature winding, commutator, shaft, fan, etc