Insulators can be divided into suspension insulators and post insulators according to their installation methods; According to the different insulation materials used, they can be divided into porcelain insulators, glass insulators, and composite insulators (also known as composite insulators); According to the different voltage levels used, it can be divided into low-voltage insulators and high-voltage insulators; Derive pollution resistant insulators for use in polluted areas based on different environmental conditions used; Derive DC insulators based on different types of voltage used; There are also various special purpose insulators, such as insulated cross arms, semiconductor glazed insulators, and tension insulators for distribution, spool insulators, and wiring insulators. In addition, according to the possibility of insulation component breakdown, it can be divided into two types: A-type non breakdown insulators and B-type breakdown able insulators. Suspension insulators are widely used for insulation and mechanical fixation of high-voltage overhead transmission lines and flexible busbars in power generation and substations. In suspension insulators, they can also be divided into disc suspension insulators and rod suspension insulators. Disc suspension insulators are the most widely used type of insulators for transmission lines. Rod suspension insulators have been widely used in countries such as Germany. Post insulators are mainly used for insulation and mechanical fixation of busbars and electrical equipment in power plants and substations. In addition, pillar insulators are often used as components of electrical equipment such as isolation switches and circuit breakers. In post insulators, they can also be divided into pin type post insulators and rod type post insulators. Pin type post insulators are mostly used in low-voltage distribution lines and communication lines, while rod type post insulators are mostly used in high-voltage substations. Porcelain insulators are insulators made of electrical ceramics. Electrical ceramics are baked from quartz, feldspar, and clay as raw materials. The surface of porcelain insulators is usually covered with porcelain glaze to improve their mechanical strength, prevent water infiltration, and increase surface smoothness. Among various types of insulators, porcelain insulators are the most commonly used. Glass insulators are insulators made of tempered glass. The surface of the glass insulator is in a compressed pre-stressed state, and if cracks or electrical breakdown occur, the glass insulator will self rupture into small pieces, commonly known as "self explosion". This feature eliminates the need for "zero value" detection of glass insulators during operation. Composite insulators, also known as composite insulators. The insulation component is an insulator composed of a fiberglass resin core rod (or core tube), an organic material sheath, and an umbrella skirt. Its characteristics are small size, light weight, high tensile strength, and excellent anti pollution flashover performance. However, the aging resistance is not as good as porcelain and glass insulators. Composite insulators include rod suspension insulators, insulated cross arms, post insulators, and hollow insulators (i.e. composite sleeves). Composite sleeves can replace porcelain sleeves used in various power equipment, such as transformers, lightning arresters, circuit breakers, capacitive sleeves, and cable terminals. Compared with porcelain sleeves, it not only has the advantages of high mechanical strength, light weight, and small dimensional tolerance, but also avoids damage caused by fragmentation. Low voltage insulators and high voltage insulators refer to insulators used in low-voltage distribution and communication lines. High voltage insulators refer to insulators used for high-voltage and ultra-high voltage overhead transmission lines and substations. In order to meet the needs of different voltage levels, different quantities of single insulators of the same type are usually used to form insulator strings or multiple insulation pillars. Anti pollution insulators mainly adopt measures such as increasing or increasing the umbrella skirt or edge of the insulator to increase the creepage distance of the insulator and improve its electrical strength under polluted conditions. At the same time, the shape of the umbrella skirt structure is also changed to reduce the natural accumulation of dirt on the surface, in order to improve the anti pollution flashover performance of the insulator. The creepage distance of pollution resistant insulators is generally 20% to 30% higher than that of ordinary insulators, or even more. In areas with frequent pollution flashover in China's power grid, it is customary to use double layer umbrella shaped pollution resistant insulators, which have strong self-cleaning ability and are easy to manually clean. DC insulators mainly refer to disc insulators used in DC transmission. DC insulators generally have a longer creepage distance than AC pollution resistant insulators, and their insulation components have a higher body resistivity (not less than 10 Ω · m at 50 ℃). Their connecting hardware should be equipped with sacrificial electrodes (such as zinc sleeves and zinc rings) that prevent electrolytic corrosion. Type A and Type B insulators: Type A refers to non breakdown type insulators, with a dry flashover distance of less than 3 times the dry flashover distance (for cast resin) or 2 times the dry flashover distance (for other materials). Type B refers to non breakdown type insulators, with a breakdown distance of less than 1/3 of the dry flashover distance (for cast resin) or 1/3 of the dry flashover distance (for other materials). The dry flashover distance of insulators refers to the shortest distance that passes through the air along the outer surface of the insulation component; The breakdown distance refers to the shortest distance that passes through the insulating material of the insulating component